THE XERCES SOCIETY FOR INVERTEBRATE CONSERVATION

Aquatic Invertebrates in Pacific Northwest Freshwater Wetlands
An Identification Guide and Educational Resource

Phantom crane fly larvae are air breathers that burrow in organic muck among plants in wetlands and lakes. The larvae have a prominent hard capsule that is distinct from the thorax. Their bodies are very long (15-60 mm) and thin and covered with rows of hairs that are sometimes at the ends of fleshy or hard bumps. A pair of prolegs is present on each of the first three abdominal segments. The body ranges from light yellow to black, and ends in a long breathing tube that can be pulled into the body or extended above the substrate when needed.

Adult phantom crane flies resemble Tipulid crane flies, although they sometimes have a black and white pattern on their legs. One species has a modified section on each leg that allows it to drift to new habitats, which is handy because they are fairly awkward fliers.

Breathing tubes:

They have a pair of prolegs (each with well developed hooks) on each of the first three abdominal segments (see below).